Frequently asked
questions.

In the first consultation, your complaints, an eye examination and, if needed, imaging (such as OCT) are carried out together. Not every examination ends with a decision for treatment — in some cases follow-up may be sufficient. The process and options are discussed with you in clear language.

No. Treatment duration depends on the procedure; cataract surgery is usually completed in one session, while treatments such as intravitreal injections may require repeated sessions at set intervals. Planning becomes clear after the examination.

No referral is needed for a clinic visit; you can book directly. You can reach our clinic through the appointment page. Pricing becomes clear according to the treatment planned after the examination; a fixed price is not given over the phone.

A cataract is the gradual clouding of the eye's natural lens, which prevents light from reaching the retina clearly. It causes blurred vision, glare sensitivity and other visual complaints.

Surgery is considered once the cataract begins to noticeably affect daily activities such as reading, driving or recognising faces. The decision is made by evaluating visual acuity together with the patient's daily needs.

The procedure is performed under topical or local anaesthesia, so no pain is felt during surgery. Mild stinging or a foreign-body sensation afterward is normal and usually resolves quickly.

Cataract surgery performed with the phacoemulsification technique usually takes 10–20 minutes and is completed as a day case.

Macular degeneration, medically known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), develops when the macula — the central part of the retina — gradually deteriorates structurally, primarily affecting central vision.

The dry type involves thinning of macular tissue layers and the accumulation of deposits called drusen, and usually progresses slowly. The wet type is characterised by the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the macula (choroidal neovascularisation) and can cause faster vision loss.

Diabetic retinopathy is a retinal disease caused by the damage that long-term high blood sugar levels cause to the retina's blood vessels. This can lead to leakage, blockage, or abnormal new vessel growth.

The disease is generally classified into non-proliferative (early stage) and proliferative (advanced stage). In the non-proliferative stage, small changes occur in the vessel walls, while in the proliferative stage abnormal new vessels grow on the retina.

An intravitreal injection is the direct delivery of medication used to treat retinal diseases into the vitreous cavity of the eye. The most commonly used medications are anti-VEGF drugs.

It can be used for wet macular degeneration, diabetic macular oedema, oedema related to retinal vein occlusion, and certain other retinal vascular conditions.

Retinal detachment is the separation of the retina — the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye — from its underlying supporting tissue. This disrupts normal retinal function and requires urgent evaluation.

The most common symptoms are sudden flashes of light, a marked increase in floaters, a curtain- or shadow-like sensation over part of the visual field, and sudden blurring of vision.

Glaucoma is a chronic eye disease that causes progressive damage to the optic nerve, often related to elevated intraocular pressure. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent and irreversible vision loss.

In the most common type, open-angle glaucoma, symptoms are usually noticed very late as the disease first affects peripheral vision. Acute angle-closure glaucoma can present with sudden eye pain, blurred vision, halos around lights, and headache.

Open-angle glaucoma is described this way because it usually causes no symptoms until vision loss has progressed significantly. This makes regular eye examinations essential for early diagnosis.

Diagnosis involves measuring intraocular pressure (tonometry), examining the optic nerve, visual field testing, and imaging the nerve fibre layer with optical coherence tomography (OCT).